1961 Kingsport TN Press American Culture Some Beginnings History Book & Slipcase

Description: Yes we combine shipping for most multiple item purchases.Add multiple items to your cart and the combined shipping total will automatically be calculated. 1961 Kingsport TN Press American Culture Some Beginnings History Book & Slipcase AMERICANCULTURE:SOMEBEGINNINGSCOMPILED AND WITH AN INTRODUCTION BYPAUL M. ANGLE AND EARL SCHENCK MIERS.PRIVATELY PRINTED AT THE KINGSPORTPRESS, INC., KINGSPORT, TENNESSEE, 1961.CONTENTSBELLES LETTRESLIFE IN A COLONIAL COLLEGE page 13PHILIP VICKERS FITHIANWOMAN’S COLLEGE16EDWARD EVERETT HALETHE PUBLIC SCHOOL19ANTHONY TROLLOPEA PLEA FOR A NEW KIND OF EDUCATION 24ABRAHAM LINCOLNPEALE’S MUSEUM27MANASSEH CUTLERTHE MASTER PLAN FOR PUBLICLIBRARIES31TRUSTEES OF THE BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARYA STAR SALESMAN BERATES HISPUBLISHER35MASON LOCKE WEEMSTHE PRINTER: FROM CRAFTSMANTOARTIST39CARL PURINGTON ROLLINSTHE ARTSTROUPERS IN THE YOUNG WEST47JOSEPH JEFFERSONTHE STAGE AMONG THE GOLD MINERS 51BAYARD TAYLORCONCERT PIANIST53LOUIS MOREAU GOTTSCHALK"OPERY”56WILLIAM T. THOMPSONA PAINTER TRIES TO EARN A LIVING 62SAMUEL F. B. MORSETHE MOVIES67WILLIAM FOXASPIRING togetherTHE HISTORICAL SOCIETY, AMERICANSTYLE73WILLIAM CORKRANTHE CHAUTAUQUA76GAY MACLARENTHE WORLD’S COLUMBIANEXPOSITION81LAURENCE MARCELLUS LARSONintroductionThe first English settlers in North America, in both Virginia andMassachusetts, spanned the social scale. At one end were “gen-tleman adventurers” and well educated Puritan divines; at the otherend vagabonds, beggars, and criminals under sentence of banish-ment. In between came sturdy yeomen, artisans, farm laborers, andindentured servants who for reasons economic, political, or religious—and sometimes for all three—decided that the New World offeredbetter prospects than the Old.Many of the colonists were illiterate, many could write and readonly with difficulty, yet a surprising number were well educated.Between 1620 and 1650, 134 graduates of the English universitiesemigrated to New England. Others had spent a year or two at Ox-ford or Cambridge. It was natural, therefore, that the new settlerswould soon establish educational institutions in the English pattern.Harvard College was founded in 1636, only sixteen years after thearrival of the Puritans. A printing press was established at Cam-bridge in 1639, and the first book, the Bay Psalm Book, was printedthe following year.But even educational institutions proliferated slowly. The colonistshad to wring a living from the land, subdue the Indians, and carryon Old World wars in a new environment. Nearly sixty years passedbefore William and Mary, the second colonial college, was foundedat Williamsburg, Virginia, and the first successful newspaper, theBoston News-Letter, did not make its appearance until 1704.Educational institutions were welcomed because they served theends of the clergy, but the arts often encountered opposition fromthose who considered anything that gave pleasure to be frivolousor ungodly. The theater, though long popular in England, appeared7to many to be the same captive of the Devil as Quakers and In-dians. Plays were presented in Williamsburg as early as 1716, butthe theater did not win wide acceptance until the latter half of theeighteenth century. Concert artists and the opera made little head-way until well after 1800.Several factors account for the slow growth of the arts in theUnited States. England and Europe, where they had long flour-ished, counted hundreds of noblemen who possessed both taste andmoney. Thus young Mozart could earn a living, though a poor one,in the service of the Archbishop of Salzburg; Handel enjoyed thepatronage of the Elector of Hanover, and for the best of reasonschanged his residence from Germany to England when the Electorbecame George I; Voltaire endured the caprices of Frederick II ofPrussia in return for support. Even the learned Dr. Samuel John-son had to depend for bread and butter on a government pension.The young United States had no patrons of arts and letters. Eventhe early universities prospered only as people, either through giftsor fees, paid for them. Writers, as creative craftsmen rather than asparty hacks, had to win acceptance from a public able and willingto pay for their books. While painters like Gilbert Stuart, Sam-uel F. B. Morse, and the assorted Peales (Anna Claypool, CharlesWillson, James, Raphael, Rembrandt, Sarah Miriam, and TitianRamsey) might win an occasional commission from a governmentalsponsor, they depended for the most part upon persons wealthyenough to pay for portraits, and with enough pride of family towant them. Theatrical companies, musicians, and opera troupes hadto make their way at the box office.The more esoteric arts faced an additional barrier: a lack of cul-tural tradition and understanding. The colonists came from coun-tries where arts and letters were parts of a way of life. There musthave been Englishmen in the New World who had listened in rap-ture to Handel s Messiah,” but the experience could mean nothingtheir unsophisticated sons and grandsons clearing the forestaround cabins in the wilderness. Lonely pioneers, settlers in rawnew towns, had to discover for themselves the satisfactions of in-tellectual and artistic pursuits that many of their forebears hadtaken for granted.That their acceptance often took crude form is understandable.We smile today at theater patrons on log benches who scratched andshouted and chewed tobacco, at backwoodsmen who hooted at op-eras that seemed unreal to them, at concert audiences that insisteda Beethoven concerto be paired with a piece that had a real tune,like “Turkey in the Straw” with variations. The wonder is not thecrudity, but the fact that audiences existed at all, and became artis-tically knowledgeable as soon as they did.In this book we present a sampling of an emerging Americanculture. The selections are offered neither as the best nor the ear-liest that might be found, but as fairly representative of a peoplemoving fast, and sometimes awkwardly, toward maturity.P. M. A. andE. S. M.9 B1

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